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Tampa Review

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Author: utpress

Peter Imsdahl

June 25, 2014 by utpress Leave a Comment

(Frog Walks Into a Bar)

By Peter Imsdahl

“Why do they jump?” Paul asked, fingering a twig he had picked up from the forest floor on their way to the clearing, a swath of forest cut clear of trees, seemingly just for them. There was a fallen log in the middle of it that they could both sit on and dangle their legs from, letting the sun’s rays shine a clemency upon them as they talked of the verities.

“Guys my age (double digits now that I’ve recently put a wrap on fifth grade) are noticing girls in a different light (one or two are growing breasts). And though nobody in my class has kissed any of the girls he likes, we don’t really need to clobber any of them anymore either.” (They don’t like it.) Paul had developed, after school let out for the summer a month ago, a habit of talking with his right hand stationed vertically at the left side of his mouth. It was an aside, he told his dad. Miss Billings had mentioned this when they were discussing plays.

“Actors sometimes do that when they want to comment to the audience,” and here he quoted Miss Billings verbatim, “‘in a poignant, sarcastic or otherwise knowing way.’” Paul added that it was kind of like speaking in parentheses.

“They jump,” Mike said, with an answer that was half guess and half common sense, “in order to escape from predators, usually into the water, I would guess, from the shore.”

They had been talking about frogs, or anurans as Miss Billings called them when she addressed the topic in biology earlier that spring. She had taken them through the obvious aspects: tadpoles, the slowed heartbeat during winter hibernation, and even the non-mainstream aspect of the urine of a pregnant woman being injected into a mature female frog, causing it to lay eggs within a few hours. Here, according to Paul, Miss Billings had crossed and uncrossed her legs more than once, as if nervous.

“Is there such a thing as an accidental predator?” Paul asked, his face warmed by an early July sun. Mike could see where this question had come from. Trish, his late wife, had been severed in two when the car of a drunk ran into her as she was attempting, at an intersection, to pour a cannister’s worth of gas into her tank. The old Plymouth’s tank hid its gas access just under the rear license plate. The gas gauge on the car had broken and the two of them managed to keep the tank relatively full, or at least had a pretty good feel for when it was close to empty. She used to liken it to pulling the pot of warming milk from the stove just before it scalds. At the time of the accident, she was three months pregnant with Paul’s would-be sister; Paul was almost four.

Read More . . .

“There are people who don’t mean to do what they do, but predator kind of implies a willful intention, that there is a plan, that a hungry lion wants a leg of zebra, or a fox a pheasant.”

Apropos of intention. Mike thought, just then, of something he had read that morning. “Somatic Intention Precedes Conscious Thought by 1/3 Second,” the article title had read.

“They say that our muscles, our bodily functions—no, our movements—can take place before our brain even sends the message.”

“You mean we can do something before thinking about it?”

“Not exactly, not that completely, but sort of.” He could see that Paul was busy with this.

“Well, wouldn’t that be an excuse for almost anything?” Hand to the side of his mouth. (You could tap a girl on the shoulder, then say it happened before you had a chance to think about it.)

“Theoretically, but that’s not what they mean. They were perhaps trying to find a way to say that muscles are thinking on their own—in response to a situation, say.”

“Like a frog jumping into water?”

“I suppose. Yes, like that.”

“Like, because the frog has experienced that dangerous situation so many times—like the threat of  a snake—that because he senses the danger, his jump muscles carry him away from it before he actually thinks to?”

“Sounds about right, Paul.”

“So where does that put Mom?”

“What do you mean?”

“She never had the situation to learn from, never had the near misses like the frog and the snake. If she’d had practice reacting to a car trying to cream her. . . .”

Mike put his arm around Paul in order to pull him closer. In public, lately, Paul seemed to be growing averse to such affection. Here in the clearing, however, away from everything and everyone, he seemed not to mind, perhaps even to relish it. They were both quiet for long enough to see tree shadows grow.

“Miss Billings said that in nature it’s survival of the fittest and that if the snake eats the frog, the frog was not meant to survive beyond that moment.”

“This is different, Paul. Your mom was meant to live beyond that moment, that day. The car didn’t win anything for having . . . ” His voice trailed off. Paul tossed the twig to the ground, raised his hand for an aside. (Yet the car is still driving around, and she isn’t.)

“Your mom used to love a walk in the woods.” When he realized how ordinary that sounded, how intangible, he added that once, when the two of them were on such a walk, “just before you were born and it was late summer, she bent down, kind of sideways because she was out to here with you.” He looped his arms out over his lap is if to form a human basketball hoop. “And she said, Will you look at that? and pointed at something growing out of a dead log. Two things I remember about that moment: that she used her index finger to pull the thick strand of hair out of her face and behind her ear, and that she had the most attractive jaw line, one that an artist would have used as a focal point in a painting. She had a stunning beauty, Paul, that would have melted the faces from Mt. Rushmore had they but caught a glimpse of her that day.”

That evening Mike perused the encyclopedia so that he could be ready for the next sitting in the clearing. Under “frog,” he found out that they generally return to open water for breeding, that the frog call serves to call the population together, establish territory for each male, and to attract females. He found out that the breeding male will clasp onto any female that comes near.

“Well, duh.” And when he read that male frogs can distinguish female frogs by their plumpness, he thought of Jill, the woman in the office two floors down from his. They’d had a couple of dates; she had a penchant for vegetable shakes, Greta Garbo movies, and for the way he touched the back of her neck lightly with his fingertips when he talked with her. Rather suddenly, he stopped seeing her. It wasn’t because they were of two different political leanings. That he could handle. It was that he wasn’t sure if she would be kind enough to Paul.

Jake, a neighbor two houses down, had commented that it was “not good practice to buy your meat and your bread at the same store—if you get my drift.” Mike wondered why he let that bother him. He liked Jill and they seemed to get along. Perhaps Jake, single himself, was jealous. Nonetheless, he hadn’t spoken with Jill in ages.

When he read that the discharge of eggs bounces against the cloaca, stimulating his ejaculation of milt, he closed the volume.

 

Their next afternoon in the clearing brought a slough of questions from Paul.

“At the end of October,” Mike answered, “the meadow frog searches for shallow, still water, and hibernates in the muck, often in the company of as many as 500 other frogs.”

“Miss Billings said that during hibernation he breathes only through his skin.”

“Eight minutes,” said Mike as Paul scooted a little closer on the log, “is the longest a frog can hold his breath under water. Imagine what it would be like to hold your breath for a whole winter.”

Paul sucked in a breath and held it. He let it out after thirty seconds.

“Imagine,” said Mike with a chuckle, “the last breath you take, before your long winter sleep, is some bad air.”

(A frog fart, perhaps?)

“That.”

“They eat scads of insects, Miss Billings told us.”

“Myriad.”

“Myriad?”

“It means thousands. It’s like scads, only wiser.”

“And yet all it takes is one hungry heron.”

“Or a grass snake,” offered Mike. As he put his arm around Paul, he had the impression that Paul was growing an inch per week.

“Yes,” sighed Paul, “a grass snake in a Catalina.”

Mike hadn’t remembered informing Paul about the make of the car that had killed Trish. There was a silence in which they heard a cuckoo.

“The accuracy of the tongue,” Mike quoted now by memory from the encyclopedia, “leaves something to be desired. But since their environment is loaded with insects, it doesn’t matter.”

“Miss Billings said that the tongue was twice as long as the frog itself.” Paul reached down to the forest floor and picked up a stone that he then launched at an oak, hitting it squarely in the trunk.

“Dave O’ Brien, a guy in class, said something about a French kiss and Miss Billings went red. She gave him those fatal eyeballs and said, And David shall keep such comments to himself.”

Mike smiled.

“Dave told me later that that’s what two people did when they were kissing. A kind of polishing each other’s tonsils.”

Mike tipped a little back and forth on the log, uncomfortably. He thought about how it was, kissing Trish. When they first kissed with open mouths, it had been as if she had released an electric eel into his mouth, one that wanted to wriggle right down his throat.

“Could be,” he acquiesced.

(Meaning yes, our hero had undergone such horrors, but is too embarrassed to talk about it.)

“Did you know that toads can wander almost half a mile to a pond in order to lay eggs?” Mike said, changing the subject.

Silent Paul.

“Before school let out, we read haikus in English. Do you know what that is?”

“I know it’s comprised of three lines.”

“Comprised?”

“It’s like composed, but from a different word shelf.”

“OK. But anyway it’s five, seven, five—the number of syllables. Five in the first, seven in the second, etc., and the subjects are nature, peace, and whatnot.”

“And frogs?” asked Mike.

“Did she have you write any?”

“Naw, but I wrote one anyway.”

“Could I see it?”

“I tore it up. It wasn’t any good.”

“Who’s to say?”

“Well, I guess I am, since I’m its creator.”

“What do you say you write another?”

“About Mom?”

“Was that one of the official haiku themes?”

“Probably not.”

“Then try frogs, anurans.”

“OK. But let’s both write one and then, when we’re finished, show each other.”

“Deal.”

 

Before the next meeting in the clearing, Mike prepared by gleaning everything he could from an old biology book he had found in the attic. Paul seemed momentarily impressed by Mike’s talk of the tree frog.

It was a cloudy afternoon, one cool enough to warrant light jackets. “When falling, the tree frog can spread its limbs in order to increase its surface area and thereby break its fall.”

“Like a flying squirrel,” Paul chimed, bright with smile.

“Whereas the terrestrial frog,” Mike continued, “that is, the common anuran, when dropped from a high place, wriggles and squirms in panic, falls like a rock.”

“How do they know that, Dad? Do they drop them from high places, say, Oh, that  one wriggled and squirmed—and SPLAT!—must be a regular frog?”

“Probably something like that,” he conceded.

“Your poem ready?” Paul asked with beseeching eyes.

“Not yet.”

“Mine either. Did you know that they have only four fingers on each hand?”

“Didn’t know that.” He indeed read quite a bit about frogs, but hadn’t remembered coming across that. “They wouldn’t be able to hitchhike.”

Three days later, they were sitting on the log when Mike offered that frogs were cold-blooded animals.

“Cold-blooded? Isn’t that like murderous without having regrets?”

“Remorse?”

“Is that no feelings for the victim?”

“I guess so,” said Mike. “But in this case, with the frogs, it means that their temperature fluctuates with that of the environment. That is, they’re not like birds who can regulate their temperatures internally. When the water grows colder, frogs grow sluggish.”

“Clobberish?”

“No, slow.”

“Is that when they start looking for places to spend the winter?”

“It is.”

“Miss Billings said that frogs drink through their skin. Hey, wouldn’t that be something? A frog walks into a bar. The bartender says, What’ll you have? The frog says, I’ll just climb into a glass and you pour whiskey and water over me. Carbonated? No, thanks, says the frog, I’ve never been one for jacuzzis.”

Mike smiled. Then he offered, “Did you know that some females hear only the call of the males in their own species, and that in some species the call has been lost and the male has to actively search for a female?”

“Like you?”

“Like me?”

“As in, you aren’t croaking much of a song for the female species. I mean, except for that woman at the company picnic two summers ago and then maybe Jill.”

“I don’t know. It doesn’t seem to fit into my life right now.”

“You mean the breeding part?”

Mike went silent, shifted his legs on the log.

“Isn’t Jill the one who left the little pink thong in the bathroom?”

“You found that? Er, I mean she was looking for that—”

(Defendant wishes he had pled The Fifth.)

“I guess that that piece of mini-underwear was hers,” Mike laughed to himself.

 

They were both quiet for a minute or two. When a pheasant call broke the silence, Mike said that the most fascinating thing about frogs is their orientation.

“Oh, I know. Miss Billings said something about that in our Sex Ed hour. Something about a person’s sexual orientation.”

“No, not that. I mean their ability to aim, to find their way.”

“Like they do after a long winter? When they’re looking for water?”

“Yes, and they say that, to orient, frogs use a kind of sun-compass sense. That they orient themselves towards the shoreline, point their noses to it, and that frogs on land orient towards—”

“—The water.”

“Exactly. And here’s something else. That when they are sitting on the shore, given the choice, frogs will jump towards blue more than any other color.”

“Towards the sky?”

“Therein lies the magic of it, son. Towards the sky as reflected in the water. That sense gets them into bodies of water that reflect the sky.”

“I think she’s listening for your frog song, Dad.”

“Miss Billings?”

“No, Jill.”

School would be starting in less than a month, and already Paul had organized his school things. Mike noticed that, in general, Paul had been keeping a tidier room. One day, not long before Labor Day Weekend, Paul announced that he would bring his haiku to the clearing.

“Is it ready?”

“It’s been ready for some time, but I just wanted to be sure it was good enough. That it didn’t, you know, merit any changes.”

“Merit is good,” said Mike.

“How is yours?”

Mike had begun to work on it a week or two back, but had since let it slide. He saw, now, that this haiku challenge was truly more than a whim of Paul’s.

“I’ll have mine here tomorrow,” he said, more doubtful than sure.

(Said the man, unconvinced.)

“I will.”

 

After Paul was in bed that night, Mike called Jill.

“Hello?” Her voice was not so much expectant as guarded.

“Hey, Jill, this is—”

“I know who it is. It’s Mike, the guy who dates you for a couple of months, takes you out to dinner and the occasional movie, invites you to his place, makes love to you like you’re the wall-mounted pencil sharpener and he’s got a number two lead pencil that he wants to sharpen right down to the eraser.”

“I think I know that guy—”

“—and then he forgets to call you.”

“Sure, I definitely know that guy. Sorry, I don’t know what my problem is.”

“If it’s your late wife, there’s nothing I can say to ease that. You’re the one who has to deal with her ghost or whatever it is standing over us in your bedroom.”

Mike was quiet, then said, “It’s that apparent, is it?”

“She’s there.”

Mike thought for a long moment about Trish, the two of them on a walk in the forest. Trish crouching to notice something.

“If it’s Paul, on the other hand, we can figure that out. He’s a good kid and I like him.”

“Would you want to see a movie this weekend?”

“Love to.”

“Oh, by the way, last time you were here, you left something. A hint: it’s pink and looks like a postage stamp bound with dental floss.”

“That’s where it went. I was wondering which guy I had left that with.” She had intended to create a little jealousy. It worked.

“Paul found it.”

“Oh.” Silence, and then, “Did he happen to find the three paste-on fingernails that I lost that night too?”

“Actually, I found those. Two under my pillow and one in my back.”

“Funny.”

“It’s good to talk to you, Jill.”

“Friday, then?”

“8 o’clock?”

“I’ll be waiting.”

 

On Thursday, both guys came to the clearing with something crinkling in their pockets. Paul drew his out first. “It’s only kind of a frog haiku. I guess that I was thinking about frogs at the beginning, before it turned into something else.”

“That’s what we call an objective correlative.”

“A what?”

“Objective correlative. T.S. Eliot coined it, or at least made it popular. A poem appears to be about one thing, but ultimately ends up being about something else. The objective correlative leads us to an emotion.”

“Well, so, here’s mine.” Paul handed Mike a half-sheet of paper which read:

Frog Haiku
 For his mom’s warm call
 Little Frog (if he has to)
 will wait the whole spring.

Mike read it twice, forgetting for a moment about his own. His throat felt as dry as a paper towel. He didn’t know what to say. Finally, he mustered a “You’re good.” And then his eyes teared a little, and all he could do was hand Paul his own poem and say, a little like a bullfrog, “Rrrreadit.”

Paul smiled. His lips moved slightly as he read the poem to himself.

Frog Haiku
 Choose cerulean,
 my dear. Whether sky, or pond—
 both are safe havens.

“Cerulean?” Paul asked, big-eyed.

“It’s just a fancy word for blue. I needed it for the syllable count.”

“Isn’t haven like heaven?”

“Could be.”

“Mom is in your poem too, huh?”

“I guess. Is that a surprise?”

“Nope. Are you going with Jill to a movie tomorrow night?”

“I think so. You OK with that?”

“I am.”

============================================================================
Peter ImsdahlPeter Imsdahl has published poems in The South Carolina Revew, The Iowa Review, Fiddlehead, Nightsun, The Berkeley Poetry Review, The Hiram Poetry Review, Hayden’s Ferry Review, and elsewhere.  For a number of years he was a gravedigger for a small fieldstone church near the Baltic; now he is just a teacher of sorts. He is a graduate of the Iowa Writer’s Workshop and is currently seeking a publisher for his novel, Hornbückel.

Posted in: Fiction Tagged: contemporary fiction, father-son relationship, Fiction, German writers in English, short story

An Interview with Featured Artist Angela Xu

June 1, 2014 by utpress Leave a Comment

By Cynthia Reeser with Angela Xu

243

Cynthia Reeser (Tampa Review Online): Thank you so much for agreeing to this interview. It’s a pleasure to be able to talk with you about your work. Visiting your website, I’m reminded of the breadth and scope of work you do (and that of your husband and artistic partner, Peter Tieryas Liu). Could you talk about your work as an artist, and all the forms you work in?

Angela Xu: I’ve never thought of myself as an artist per se. In my mind, Shakespeare is as much an artist as the famous sushi chef, Jiro, as well as the random graffiti you see on the walls of the urban nightmare of cities, exemplified by Banksy. While Van Gogh is an artist in the traditional sense, as is Picasso, I admire both mostly for their passion bordering on the psychotic. You have to be that crazy to be able to view things from an atypical, almost bizarre perspective. Their influence on art history correlates to the madness with which they viewed the world and the ways they exposed a vision audiences had never contemplated before. In many ways, I think of myself as a recorder, and it’s the interpretation that I focus mostly on—the angles. A subject will look completely different if I shoot her from a lower angle versus a higher angle or a wide shot, which might reveal decay or decadence. Artistry revolves around perspective, and I don’t try to limit myself in terms of forms, though I enjoy photography. The collaborations with my husband are a completely different beast as we try to find a thematic bridge in visual cues that he can then accompany with text. At the same time, pacing is important because too much text bogs down the visual flow of imagery, so it’s a constant balancing act. I also enjoy expressing myself through paintings, calligraphy, and music. I understand delineations in terms of making it easier to categorize someone. But I like to experiment and push the canvas where I play so that it’s more about the “angle” I’m trying to show rather than the medium itself.

292

CR: One of the most striking things, to me, about your photography is the focus on people; your photographs show them simply going about their daily lives, but the wide variety of emotional nuance you’re able to capture is notable because there is so much honesty in it. Is this something you aim for in your photography?

AX: Absolutely. Every face is like a thousand paintings in constant flux. I just visited La Jolla, and the sunset there was so beautiful. A golden haze sprayed out from sunset on the sea waves, and there was an incredible beach with hundreds of sea lions. I took a ton of pictures. They were like paintings. But I guarantee you, if you put up the most beautiful picture of scenery in the world, and right next to it, have an interesting-looking person, everyone will be drawn toward the portrait of the person. Maybe it’s the herd instinct in us or we’re just gregarious by nature, but people are what make life and art so interesting. The ultimate punishment in Eden wouldn’t have been banishment from the garden, but from each other—complete isolation. We need others. At the same time, in my photography, I really try to capture those moments where everything is laid bare. People can’t fake it though (unless you’re just an amazing actress). Their whole life is a form of art. When I photograph, I’m trying to capture frames from the living picture. I’m a curator of emotion. How many struggles, how many loves, how many tears have vanished undocumented. I want to capture as many of those moments as I can. Both Rembrandt and Robert Henri are inspirations in that sense. In their paintings, versus other pictures during that same time period, there’s an unmistakable attitude they capture. I want to lay bare the humanity of those I record, even if just for a fleeting second. In the case of these photos in Xi’an, I wondered about their lives, their tragedies, and their triumphs. Who were they? That question drove the thousands of photographs I took that day.

324

CR: What do you feel good photography should do for the viewer?

AX: That depends a lot on how the viewer defines “good.” For me personally, I look for something I’ve never seen before or something around me I’ve never noticed. Then again, the photography could be something I see daily, just in a way I’d never experienced before. It should shock, disturb, even be provocative, but that’s general, as even pornography can encompass those three.

524

The tricky part is that a lot of it depends on mood, too. Sometimes, I’ll want to see dramatic photos, and other times, I’m happy with pictures of cute puppies. In that sense, I feel anything that makes you emote is a good photograph. However, if you want it to transcend individual meaning, there has to be some kind of message in the photo. If a photo can tell a story that supersedes race, time, region, and even place, it’ll haunt and resonate far beyond the initial viewing. That’s why I think the photo of “Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima” still has so much poignancy—because of all it represents decades later.

One of the most interesting shifts in our approach to photography now is that with the spread of digital photography, it’s hard for there to be a single image that represents a moment, as you can take millions with your digital camera and your phone. Even if the image isn’t perfect, a couple waves of the magic wand and cropping tools in Photoshop, and voila, you’re creating reality edited to your desired parameters. The difficult part is, you can’t doctor emotion on a person’s face. Like Heisenberg’s Equilibrium, when a subject knows they’re being photographed, they immediately change and react to the camera. For me, one of the biggest challenges is capturing people in a natural pose so that it’s authentic without being intrusive. I try to photograph the images that are most interesting to me. Sometimes I succeed, most times I don’t. My hope is that the ones I do end up liking the most are the ones audiences will react to.

487

CR: Do you have an artist’s philosophy?

AX: Picasso’s quote, “Art is a lie that makes us realize the truth,” is something I espouse. At the same time, can art and truth ever cohabitate? Art is by nature subjective, an interpretation of something external. Even math is quantified art constrained by the numerical points that form the sums of its equations. So I have to wonder if truth is something we should strive for as artists. I’m not talking objective truths, nor ethical questions of right and wrong, when it comes to the matter of truth. I mean the nature of reality as interpreted by art. Some of the best art I’ve seen rejects the truth and encourages escapism. Others strive solely for truth and are soporific as a result. I once spent several hours in a garden observing a colony of ants. They were extremely busy with their job, rushing back and forth, waving their antennae, communicating with each other. From above, there was an esoteric beauty in their movements, a symmetry inspiring a sense of wonder. Again, angles. If I were an ant, I would probably be miserable, slaving away day after day as a mindless drone. In my art and photography, I want to explore those angles and make a connection to those who see their reality from different perspectives. I want all our truths to connect. Somewhere in those threads is my philosophy. Somewhere there is my lie Photoshopped as truth, or is it the other way around?

~
Visit Angela Xu on the web at: http://www.tieryasxu.com/

============================================================================
Angela Xu picAngela Xu is an international photographer who enjoys taking photos of the obscure. Her work has been published at places like Calyx, Juked, Prick of the Spindle, and Redivider. She is the art editor atEntropy Magazine.

 

 

Cynthia Reeser headshotCynthia Reeser is the Founder and Publisher of Aqueous Books, and Founder and Editor-in-Chief of Prick of the Spindle literary journal. She has published more than 100 reviews in print and online, as well as poetry and fiction in print and online journals. Her short stories are anthologized in the Daughters of Icarus Anthology (Pink Narcissus Press, 2013), and in Follow the Blood: Tales Inspired by The Hardy Boys and Nancy Drew (Sundog Lit, 2013). Cynthia is currently working on a literary short story collection inspired by fairy tale lore. Also a senior editor for two association management companies, she lives and works in the Birmingham area and attends the University of Tampa in pursuit of her MFA in Creative Writing (fiction). Visit her on the web at www.cynthiareeser.com.

Posted in: Interview, Visual Art Tagged: Angela Xu, Chinese life, contemporary photographers, photographs of China, photography, Xi'an

Colin Dodds

June 1, 2014 by utpress Leave a Comment

NO PREDICTABLE MALFUNCTION

by Colin Dodds

The bar smelled like an ex-girlfriend’s breath.
And I was like Belgium in the 20th century—
just waiting for someone to violate my neutrality.

I had little room to maneuver;
the market of the heart
had been rebuilt for efficiency,

its work outsourced
and its meager glory distributed
to chromosomes, glands, and early sufferings.

The man next to me makes sense,
but only over long spans of time.
He spits a whole failed life onto my sleeve.

I cross the bridge alone at night,
howling and gesturing
like a failed sorcerer.

The moving parts
of my squalid heart lurch
according to no predictable malfunction.

============================================================================
Colin DoddsColin Dodds grew up in Massachusetts and completed his education in New York City. He’s the author of several novels, including Windfall and The Last Bad Job, which the late Norman Mailer touted as showing “something that very few writers have; a species of inner talent that owes very little to other people.” Dodds’ screenplay, Refreshment, was named a semi-finalist in the 2010 American Zoetrope Contest. His poetry has appeared in more than a hundred publications, and has been nominated for the Pushcart Prize. He lives in Brooklyn, New York, with his wife Samantha. You can find more of his work at thecolindodds.com.

Posted in: Poetry Tagged: American poetry, Colin Dodds, contemporary poetry, poetry

Maria Ivkovic Manuccia

June 1, 2014 by utpress Leave a Comment

BALKAN SHEEP

by Maria Ivkovic Manuccia

There are plenty of ways to feel like an outsider; for me it was that I was a Balkan girl growing up among the lily white. Not all white is white-white, which we Eastern Europeans, particularly the Balkans, understand. Growing up, I attended Catholic elementary school in a Chicago suburb. My classmates were all Catholic like me, but they were overwhelmingly Irish, with names like O’Connor or Connolly or Sullivan or Smith, and I am sure none of them had met a Balkan before.

At first they thought I was one of them. As children, our features did not vary widely. We all had cute, small noses and foreheads and craniums—important because the Balkan adult has a large, square cranium—usually a giveaway. We also dressed identically in Catholic school uniforms.

However, there were names to consider. My first name, Maria, was close enough to Mary that nobody paid much attention. But the Irish-American schoolchildren had not encountered a surname like mine, with its “-ic” ending. I tried to explain: “You pronounce the ‘i-c’ as ‘eetch,’” but they insisted on pronouncing those letters as “itch.” I knew even then that “itch” rhymed with bitch and witch, and this was not a good thing.

Adding to the difficulty, Balkan surnames have a way of pairing difficult consonants. Mine paired “v” and “k” to form Ivkovic. I explained that the “v” was practically silent, more like a quick “f” sound, resulting in “eef-ko-veetch.” Instead, they insisted on “ick-a-vitch,” which sounded like “ick I itch” or “ick a witch.”

I told my father over dinner. He sat hunched over the kitchen table eating fish. Its white flesh stuck to his fingers when he pulled it from the bone. He said, “They need to practice. Tell them to try saying ‘Na vrh brda vrba mrda.’” A tongue twister meaning, “On the top of a mountain the willow sways.”

I did not follow my dad’s advice. Instead, I lowered my eyes whenever “ick a bitch” elicited giggles and my classmates left me standing alone on the chalked-up patch of pavement where we had been playing hopscotch. Or maybe there was no hopscotch, but this is how I remember it.

Then the day came, during a time we were learning to write in cursive, that my teacher, Miss Walsh, asked the students to gather on the floor in a circle and share with the class what it was our fathers did. “Go on and sit Indian style, everyone,” she said.

Each student took his turn. They all seemed to have firefighter fathers named Bob or Tim. Straightforward professions, straightforward names. I wanted to disappear into the grey carpeting of the classroom.

“And Mary, what does your father do?” Miss Walsh said.

“My father’s a doctor,” I said with finality, and then looked at the girl sitting next to me, to indicate it was now her turn.

“What is his name?” Miss Walsh said.

I felt the blood rush to my face as I said his name softly: “Dragan.” I made sure to pronounce it as differently as possible from the fire-breathing figure familiar to my classmates.

But one of them blurted, hot-faced, “Dragon? What kind of name is that?” Giggles followed. I did not correct them this time. Instead, I said he had a dragon tattoo, hoping the class would be afraid.

“Mary, tell the class where you are from,” Miss Walsh said.

I searched my brain for the word that represented where we came from. “Yugoslavia.”

“So you are Yugo-slav-ian,” she said.

I remembered what my parents had told me, and recited: “No. I’m Croatian, but I’m from Yugoslavia.” I hoped they wouldn’t ask me what I meant. It was all so complicated.

I wondered if the children told their parents about “the girl from Yugoslavia.” Perhaps they asked their parents if such a country did in fact exist, or if this was a mythical place where dragons came from. It seemed to me that even then, before Yugoslavia became associated with concentration camps and shelled out buildings, the children treated me as someone not to be trusted.

During lunch they exchanged Fruit Roll-Up flavors with each other, but turned away from me when I reached into the crinkled skin of my paper bag. It may have been that they knew I wouldn’t have Fruit Roll-Ups. Instead I had strange meats and bread far darker than the white Wonder Bread they were used to.

After a while I convinced my mother that buying me strawberry Fruit Roll-Ups was a matter of survival, as if I could barter for trust. But the Fruit Roll-Up trick did not work. Nobody took them from me, and I didn’t enjoy how they stuck to the roof of my mouth.

 

Instead, their distrust of me deepened in the summer, when I disappeared to Yugoslavia and came back brown-skinned and shorn. During those first days back, the children would sit at their desks excitedly, the girls with their long ponytails as blonde as halo light. I would enter the classroom as late as possible, knowing it was impossible to hide my skin but wearing a hat to hide the mullet cut my Croatian Aunt Gizela had given me weeks before. The teachers would say, “Run along Mary and find a seat,” and it always seemed to take a very long time to find one, or maybe it only felt like a long time because I walked among whispers.

I remember the musky smell of Gizela and the swish of her long skirt along the floor of her salon. I sat in the black plastic swivel chair across from the mirror, watching her gather her tools. She told me that punks are cool in America. The word she used was not punk, but “punkeritsa,” which roughly translates to “little punk girl.” I couldn’t bring myself to disagree—I wouldn’t tell any adult they were wrong—and I let her snip away. As a last defense, I widened my eyes in horror as my long dark hair fell into a heap on the floor.

 

My mother—who was known in her seaside town in Yugoslavia for her wind-swept and bare beauty—was a different woman in America. It appeared that she, like me, only wanted to fit in. She mimicked the American women by wearing the same sporty outfits and lining her eyes with a blue pencil. She chewed bubblegum too.

My mother learned from a neighbor that the girls and boys in the neighborhood would sometimes sleep at each others’ homes, and that in America these social events were called “sleepovers.” Although my mother found the whole thing peculiar, she thought it would be “good for Maria” if she organized a sleepover.

We invited seven girls and three girls came. They were timid coming into the Balkan home, but our dog Targa won them over because Targa—a German Shepard with a fat neck—would let them hold up her front paws while she danced like a bear. My father played good music too; it might have been the Rolling Stones.

I thought during the sleepover how happy I was to have friends like Annie and Sue and Molly, who danced with Targa, and I didn’t want anything to ruin it. So I stole away into the kitchen and let my mother know that American children ate donuts in the morning, and if we didn’t have frosted and fried dough shaped into rings with sprinkles on top, we could forget future sleepovers.

In the morning my mother peeked her head into the room where we slept like logs along the floor. I saw from where I lay that she held a pink cardboard box, and I sprang up to give her a hug. The other girls padded behind us into the kitchen, and we chose among the colored food. The dough tasted too sweet for morning, but after a few mouthfuls I tasted the flour and oil more than the sugar and I liked it very much.

This simple pleasure did not last. My father, who was a healthful man, happened upon the kitchen and lifted the donut box, and for a second it made me think of the school priest Father Murray who lifted the Bible, but my father did not bow his head.

“Isuse Boze,” he said, and I knew that meant Jesus Christ in Croatian. He was not yelling but he was very serious. “Junk. Smeca. Garbage. What is this pizdurija? Dunkin? Junk. Junkin Jonuts. You will not eat garbage in my house.”

The girls looked at each other with pink faces and then scurried out of the room like mice. I heard them giggling “ick a witch” when they had gone out of sight.

Word spread of the “Junkin Jonuts.” It was clear that Annie and Sue and Molly were not my friends. Sometimes I would pass them in the hall, and they would cup a hand to each other’s ears and make hissing sounds. If I ever saw one of them alone I would stare at her until she looked a little ashamed.

And then the week came in gym class when we were supposed to do gymnastics. I gave my father a chance to repent for making me a laughingstock, when I asked him to teach me how to do a cartwheel. My father kept calling them zvjezde or “stars.” He had been a gymnast in Yugoslavia so I hoped I could make stars as he had.

He stood with his arms crossed as my colt-like arms reached down to the grass outside. I tried many times but my feet would not swing into a swift and graceful circle above my head. I remember seeing my father’s eyes moisten before he walked away in his sporty outfit. The gymnast blood I could have inherited from Yugoslavia—had there been a more merciful God—was not running through my veins.

When the war came to Yugoslavia and filled our television screens with rubble and ribcages, my teachers spoke of the tragedy as we all sat in a circle, Indian style. I would turn red even though I had nothing to do with it, and the other children kept more distance from me than usual. The teachers asked, “Mary, can you explain why people in Yugoslavia hate each other so?” They explained how that sort of savage bloodshed would never happen in this country, heavens no it wouldn’t, and here, thank God, we had a system that would prevent such monstrosities. I thought of monsters and dragons and how the other children probably had long ago thought of Yugoslavia as a dangerous place and that this war that was a horror to me was probably no surprise to them.

After school I would run home to my parents, who sat ashen in front of the television. They told me they would take me back to this place they now called Croatia, and we would sit in a café by the sea even if grenades fell like snow in the hills.

As my hair grew out and my skin paled, I had a sense I was losing something without knowing what. Maybe it was that I knew that something greater than abandoned hopscotch was happening to a place I almost called home. That the home, that could have felt like home, was now itself a freak: darkened, shorn, devastated by monsters.

============================================================================
Maria Ivkovic ManucciaMaria Ivkovic Manuccia lives in Alexandria, VA. This is her first publication.

Posted in: Nonfiction Tagged: Balkan concerns, creative nonfiction, Croatia, immigrant literature, memoir, nonfiction, Yugoslavia

An Interview with Featured Artist Yanuary Navarro

May 1, 2014 by utpress Leave a Comment
"Everyone Can Feel," a mixed media piece by Yanuary Navarro.

By Cynthia Reeser with Yanuary Navarro

"Everyone Can Feel," a mixed media piece by Yanuary Navarro.

Everyone Can Feel

Cynthia Reeser (Tampa Review Online): Could you talk a bit about what sparked your initial interest in art?

Yanuary Navarro: Whenever I think about this topic I always come to the same origin: my older brother Hector. I remember him showing me a drawing he had done when I was very young and being amazed by this sort of magic. I drew on and off as a kid, although I dedicated most of my childhood to the performing arts, specifically dance. In my late teenage years, I chose to seriously pursue visual art because it was a medium that allowed me to communicate issues that were directly affecting my loved ones, even though I was too shy to verbally voice my ideas. Images have the power to make a lasting impression in our minds and motivate action.

"Cotton Fields," an illustration by Yanuary Navarro.

Cotton Fields

CR: You produce work in various media. Do you have a favorite medium to work in?

YN: I feel most at peace when I use mediums that do not impose on the environment or people. Building out of recycled and found objects, for example. At the same time, I have a love for my pencils and paints because they can be easily transported from place to place without the need of a big studio.

CR: You have also done collaborative work. The Solstice installation piece is particularly notable. Could you talk about your part in that project?

YN: The Solstice installation at Olio Gallery has been one of my favorite collaborative projects. The set-up was an equal effort between myself, Cheryl Saori Murphy, and Gregory Dirr. Months prior to the installation, I had repurposed several tree branches into about 12 foot tall tree sculptures that brought a part of my fictional narrative drawings into our physical world. Gregory and I approached Cheryl about a possible exhibition in her space and she was kind and courageous enough to agree to transform her gallery space into a fantastical installation. The project combined all three artists’ work into a seamless otherworldly experience that engaged all of the senses. I contributed pieces that added an environmental aspect, such as floating clouds made using Polyester stuffing and Styrofoam for raindrops. In addition, I painted a mural of a winter forest and transformed the floor space by pouring pounds of recycled, shredded paper over it. The viewer’s path was directed by leaving a clear walkway around the space.

 

"Space Farm," an illustration by Yanuary Navarro.

Space Farm

CR: In the “about the work” section on your website, you reference fairy tales as one of the influences on your work, which is also an area of interest for me. Are there any tales or collections in particular that you would say have been particularly influential for you?

YN: The most memorable tales have been those my mom told me when I was a kid. I don’t know if they were from books or just made up. My mom’s stories begin by saying things like, “Oh yes, this reminds me of so and so, who made these choices, and this is what happened to them.” For example, she taught me the story about a little hen and her animal friends who would not help her with the long list of chores that needed to be done before flour could be baked into a warm, fluffy bread loaf. As a result, the little hen had to do all of the sowing, harvesting, milling, and baking alone. Then, when the day came to eat all the bread, guess who was ready and willing? All of the animals that refused to help in the beginning. I won’t give away the ending. I will leave that up to you. If you were the hen, what would you do? Would you forgive?

 

"You and I," an illustration by Yanuary Navarro.

You and I

CR: When I look at your art, I immediately think of children’s book illustrations—your work has a professional quality to it and is unique and vibrant. Have you ever illustrated for children’s books or is this something you have considered doing?

YN: I have several ideas brewing that I intend to realize as children’s books. My narratives usually are based on true stories that evolve into fictional exaggerations, because people pay more attention when there is something odd or impossible. I think storytelling is a vital part of our human history. I am grateful to be a part of my family because they have a gift for oral storytelling. They could be talking about buying toothpaste, but the way they paint a mental picture is colorful, detailed, and full of laugh-out-loud twists and turns. I want to keep this family tradition alive by writing and illustrating my own exaggerated facts of life. I’m also open to collaborating with writers and illustrating their great stories.

CR: In the collaboration section on your website, you mention an “uptightness with art.” This really struck me because in your art I see so much freedom—anything but uptightness. Is (or was) that uptightness a reluctance toward art, or something else?

YN: I did struggle with a “creative uptightness,” particularly in my younger years as an artist. I was afraid to experiment because I didn’t want to be judged as a “bad” artist or “unskilled.” I once believed that art had to be technically advanced to be great and I usually was not as technically refined as my peers. Back then, a criticism like that would have crushed me because I was just starting to find my focus in the visual arts. Then, I started collaborating on art with other artists and noticed that we each had our own strengths to contribute. I had a realization that I may not be able to draw a photorealistic hand, but I can tell a story using simple shapes, color, and lines, which is more important to me and is the reason for my newfound creative freedom. Art is a place of freedom, and no criticism or fear should decide your personal reasons for making art.

 

"Vita," an illustration by Yanuary Navarro.

Vita

CR: You mention on your website a desire for your artwork to reflect concerns about the environment. I personally think that your work reflects the beauty of the natural world and engages a fascination with how magical it can be. What do you want your work to communicate to the world at large? Do you think that artists have a responsibility toward social consciousness?

YN: I want my work to communicate the importance of life. All life. Regardless of shape, size, color, origin, species, class, or beliefs. We are lucky to wake up every day and be greeted by the sun or the sound of a gentle breeze. Making art about these subjects is my way of highlighting their value. I am no more important than an ant or a tree. We are equally entitled to live.

I believe that social consciousness is a priority that all human beings should exercise. I understand that our society has made us believe that one person is not enough to make a difference in the world. That we can’t all be Mother Teresa, Jesus, or Buddha, so we might as well just live our lives and do whatever we want. I choose to take the advice of Gandhi and remember that one person does make a difference; that, to have world peace, we must find inner peace within ourselves, then our families, then our nation. The rest will naturally follow. The arts are an essential tool for world peace because they can facilitate moments needed to find peace within ourselves.

Here’s what’s next for Yanuary Navarro…

Yanuary Navarro will be showing new work during the exhibition Narrative Conscious, opening on May 2, 2014 from 6-10 p.m. at Epoxy Space in Tampa, Florida. This is a two-person show that also features work by fellow artist Jujmo and will run through the month of May.

~

Visit Yanuary Navarro on the web at: http://yanuarynavarro.com/

============================================================================
Yanuary Navarro artist photoYanuary Irasema Navarro is an artist, designer, and educator born in the small village of Juticalpa, Olancho, Honduras. She has been living in Florida since 1996, after her family immigrated to the United States. In 2010, she graduated from Ringling College of Art and Design with a BFA in illustration. From 2010-2012 she collaborated with Thought Coalition, an art collective originated in Florida that organizes, curates, and promotes local art shows and artists. Presently, she is an art educator at a local Montessori school and owner of Vita-Coyote, an online studio and shop. Her work has been published in Artbook Tampa Bay, Tampa Review 42, The Ringling 100, on various album covers, and in other publication media. Florida has been welcoming by providing a variety of group and juried exhibitions for her mixed media work in spaces such as The John and Mable Ringling Museum of Art, Scope Miami with C. Emerson Fine Arts, and The Bakehouse Art Complex.

Cynthia Reeser headshotCynthia Reeser is the Founder and Publisher of Aqueous Books, and Founder and Editor-in-Chief of Prick of the Spindle literary journal. She has published more than 100 reviews in print and online, as well as poetry and fiction in print and online journals. Her short stories are anthologized in the Daughters of Icarus Anthology (Pink Narcissus Press, 2013), and in Follow the Blood: Tales Inspired by The Hardy Boys and Nancy Drew (Sundog Lit, 2013). Cynthia is currently working on a literary short story collection inspired by fairy tale lore. Also a senior editor for two association management companies, she lives and works in the Birmingham area and attends the University of Tampa in pursuit of her MFA in Creative Writing (fiction). Visit her on the web at www.cynthiareeser.com.

Posted in: Interview, Visual Art Tagged: contemporary art, cuban artists, fairy tales in art, female artists, florida artists, illustration, illustrator, illustrators, tampa artists, women artists, yanuary navarro
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